Take the three feet in the distance, double it and stand it up on the three-foot line. This makes six feet in the distance; or take the six-foot measure on the scale, find six feet on the ground in the distance, then stand it up.
PARALLEL PERSPECTIVE
An object is in parallel perspective when one of its sides is parallel with the picture plane, Fig. 1.
Draw the picture plane, the horizon, the point of sight. Draw the fronts of the blocks, then the converging lines, then the backs of the blocks. Place the rug on the floor, using the same rule.
The block at the left of the point of sight exposes its right side. The block at the right exposes its left side. The block in the center has both sides hidden.
Remember a block, chair, table or any object lower than the level of the eye will show the top, so all converging lines will run up to the point of sight.
Objects higher than the level of the eye will extend higher than the horizon, and all converging lines above the eye will run down to the point of sight. (Fig. 6.) The relation of the object to the horizon determines the size of the object. When draw-
ing children, make a high horizon, this will make them look small.
If an entire object is above the level of the eye, you see its under part. A plane on a level with the eye has the appearance of a line. If below the eye, it exposes its upper part. If above the eye, it exposes the under part. The higher or lower a plane is placed, the more one can see of its under or upper surface. A plane at a distance loses in depth.
Fig. 2 is a room in parallel perspective. Find H, PS, and the converging lines. Study the lines of the bureau which is built in the form of a block. The top of the bureau is below the eye and the top of the back above the eye.
Build all furniture away from the wall from the floor up. Note the lines for the beginning of a table. The floor lines converge (up) to PS. The ceiling lines converge (down) to PS. When drawing bureaus, chairs, etc., the student is inclined to show too much of the top planes. Fig. 4 shows how to obtain the correct measurement.
First study Fig. 3. Draw picture plane, horizon, point of sight, prime vertical, station points and distance points. As the paper is rarely large enough to draw DSD', we use one-half the distance (D') and one-half the measurements on the measuring scale.
We are to decide how much to show of the seat of the chair, Fig. 4. A is the length of a horizontal line in perspective; to obtain the same length on the converging line draw the broken line (auxiliary line) from the end of A equal to one-half the measurement of A. Draw a dotted line from the end of the auxiliary to D'; this will cut the converging line the correct length or so that a=A. Use whole measurement and dotted line to D or half measurement and dotted line to D2.