T-squares with movable heads are made for the purpose of permitting the main blade to pass over the surface in such manner as to permit oblique parallel lines to be made.
Triangles are made with various angles. To draw parallel lines with triangles two triangles are necessary, except that one triangle may be used in conjunction with the T-square either with fixed or movable heads. The triangle may be used for making parallel lines and for making opposite angles, as shown in the diagrams.
Compasses are used for drawing circles and arcs of circles. Pen and pencil points are usually provided to be used interchangeably. A lengthening bar is sometimes provided to extend the radius of the compass.
Dividers are similar to the compass but both legs are provided with points. Dividers are used for laying off distances in the drawing, or from scales, or from other parts of the drawing. They are excellent for dividing a line into equal parts. A compass can be used as dividers for ordinary work.
Bow-pens and bow-pencils are compasses fitted with permanent pen or pencil shanks and have screw arms to retain the adjustments of distance between the legs. A drawing pen, or ruling pen, as it is also termed, consists of two blades with a handle, the former joii.ed by a thumb screw to adjust
the distance between the blades by means of a brush or ordinary pen used as a feeder. (The quill in the stopper of a Higgins ink bottle can be used for this purpose.)
Loose Leaf Scrap Books
Teachers and pupils should preserve illustrated clippings. The best manner of keeping them in an orderly way is as follows :
Get a quire of very heavy manilla paper and have it cut up in sheets to suit. Sheets nine by twelve are the usual size.
The sheets can be kept together in a homem.ade portfolio constructed of 'Tressboard," a very firm article that can be procured from any printer or bookbinder. The boards should be half an inch wider and longer than the sheets.
Sections
- Action Drawing
- Advice To Teachers
- Beginners Instructions
- Blocking In
- Clay Modeling
- Copying By Triangulation
- Decorative Ornamental Art
- Drawing From Nature
- Early Exercises
- Elementary Lines
- Elementary Perspective
- Expression Emotion
- Foreshortening
- Geometrical Form
- How To Draw Animals
- How To Draw Cartoons
- How To Draw Charcoal Crayon
- How To Draw Flowers
- How To Draw Women Men Children
- Lettering
- Light And Shade
- Materials For Drawing
- Models Measurements Proportions
- Outlines For Beginners
- Paper Folding Cutting
- Pen And Ink Drawing
- Principles Of Composition
- Simple Story Pictures
- Solid Black Effects
- Stimulating Imagination
- Tracing Transferring
- Two Handed Exercises