LESSON XV
THE ARM AND HAND
Arms and hands require a great deal of close study before they can be drawn satisfactorily. In this lesson are given the proportions, and direction of the principal lines of an arm and hand, breaks being left where the lines change their direction.
Leave all breaks when drawing the figures from the chart.
Place your own arm in front of a mirror in the positions given, and see if you can follow the points illustrated. A woman's arm being more slender and delicate than a man's, the muscles are not so clearly defined. When drawing arms in fashions, bear this in mind, but use the chart as a guide.
No matter how slender or delicate an arm is, it must have the shape of an arm and not look like a post. Hands, in fashions, are not chubby, except on children, but are slender, the fingers being long and tapering,
PROPORTIONS OF THE ARM AND HAND
Begin with Fig. 1. The upper part of the arm equals the lower, and the arm tapers from the shoulder to the wrist, except below the elbow, which is the widest part of the whole arm, in this position.
Ascertain the direction of the upper part of the arm, then of the lower, then of the hand. To have three directions for the arm and hand, makes a more graceful drawing.
On the arm are many intricate muscles, a few only being mentioned here.
The deltoid (D) is at the top on the outside. The biceps (B) and triceps (T)
are on the shaft, the biceps being on the front part and the triceps on the back. The supinator longus (SL) is very prominent, especially so when the arm is bent. Figs. 3 and 6.